PV-Supercapacitor Cascaded Topology for Primary Frequency Responses and Dynamic Inertia Emulation

Owing to rapid increase in PV penetration without inherent inertia, there has been an unremitting deterioration of the effective inertia existing power systems. This may pose a serious threat stability systems during disturbances if not taken care of. Hence, problem how emulate Synthetic Inertia (SI) Systems (PVS) retain their frequency demands attention. Super Capacitor (SC)-based storage become attractive option over other energy types because its high-power density, burst handling capability, faster response and longer life cycle. Considering this, authors here propose novel PV-SC Cascaded Topology (PSCT) as cost-effective approach SI by integrating low voltage SC high grid-connected PVS. The proposed PSCT helps operating source rather than current source. Thus, it eliminates gain requirements interfacing converters. aim is target two main services, i.e., Primary Frequency Response (PFR) Inertial (SIR), using common control scheme, but affecting any intensive services. introduced Droop-Inspired (DI) method with adjustable constant dynamic so that wider range Rate Change (RoCoF) values can be serviced limited storage. A very streamlined analysis was also carried out for sizing stage based on simple Three-Point Linearization (TPL) technique DI knowledge disturbance parameters. whole system initially validated MATLAB Simulink environment later confirmed OPAL-RT Real-Time Simulator. investigated subject variation terms parameters, changes solar irradiance, grid variation, etc.